|
+62811 1909 0099
sales@halorobotics.com
TOP TECHNOLOGY. EASY OPERATIONS. ACCURATE DATA.
ADVANCED AND EFFICIENT
Drones are essential tools for survey and mapping. Advanced, efficient, and easy to use, drones can deliver accurate geospatial data quickly, achieving significant return on investment and transforming survey operations in major industries, including Agriculture, Mining, Construction, Power Transmission, and Pipeline Corridor Management.
Survey drone solutions will include drones, sensors, and software. Major categories of survey data include:
- Photogrammetry: hi-res survey camera for 2D Orthophoto, 3D Maps and Models
- LIDAR: laser based survey sensor generating DSM, DTM, Contour Maps, and advanced analytics
- Multispectral: Crop Health Analysis, Biodiversity Mapping, & Environmental Monitoring
- Hyperspectral: Wide-ranging light spectrums which provide key data for advanced applications (more info below!)
- Thermal Mapping: thermal maps can be used to identify fire hotspots, irrigation issues, and other applicatons in agriculture – and they can also be used for asset management, for example to map large solar power plants farms and identify faulty panels.
- Gas Detection & Mapping: detecting gas, mapping gas concentration, and analyzing gas dispersion across an area
Halo Robotics also provides Basic and Advanced Drone Training programs for each of these drone applications, to support customers to build effective drone programs using drones for any type of survey, mapping or GIS requirement.
PHOTOGRAMMETRY
ACCURARE MAPS AND MODELS FROM RGB SURVEY CAMERAS
To make a 2D map or “orthomosaic”, RGB photos from a drone survey are stitched together to create an accurate 2D map, or “ortho” of the entire survey area combined. Ground Control Points (“GCPs”) with known GPS coordinates can be registered into the map, in order to georeference the position of the objects in the orthophoto with actual GPS coordinates of those objects in the real world. Each pixel of the map contains 2D geo-information (X, Y) and the orthomosaic map can therefofe enable accurate measurements, such as horizontal distance measurements, and surface area calculations
In 3D photogrammetry, RGB photos from a drone survey are stitched together to create an accurate 3D map or model. In these types of drone surveys, the drone is usually taking photos at multiple different angles, in order to capture the sides of buildings and structures more completely, and therefore make a more complete 3D model when all the photos are stitched together in processing software. Each pixel in the final 3D survey file contains positioning information (X, Y, and Z), and this type of 3D data enables accurate volumetric measurements, such as stockpile calculation, or the volume of a 3D surface area on a map.
The GeoTIFF file formats which are generated by drone surveys can also easily be used in other common geospatial and engineering software tools.
LIDAR
LIDAR is an important category of drone survey and mapping: a laser sensor sends hundreds of thousands of laser points per second, and the result is a laser „point cloud“ which resembles a high resolution scan of the real world object that was surveyed. A key advantage with LIDAR is that the laser points can penetrate through vegetation and forest tree cover, to scan the entire section of trees and ground below. This type of data therefore enables powerful analysis about trees, carbon volume, and vegetation density; as well as land characteristics for planning, engineering, and simulations about land use change.
Although many things can be done with LIDAR, the common LIDAR data deliverables are always DSM, DTM, and Contour Map:
DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL
DSM: LIDAR SURVEY AND MAPPING DELIVERABLES
A DSM is a 3D survey which includes everything in the survey area, including the natural and man-made features on the Earth’s surface such as buildings, trees, powerlines, and any other surface structures. Very precise measurements can be made from a LIDAR DSM, for example to measure the height of a building, the sag of a power line, the diameter and height of a tree, or to calculate the amount of vegetation encroaching onto an oil and gas pipeline. DSMs are also widely used by the government for cadastral land survey, measure land areas, urban planning, transport infrastructure construction, and so on.
DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL (DTM)
A DTM is a bare-earth version of the LIDAR data, with all the vegetation and surface features removed. A DTM is made using software post-processing, by filtering the LIDAR data to remove all the trees and other surface structures, in order to reveal the bare earth terrain model or “DTM”. A bare-earth terrain model or DTM is useful for hydrology and irrigation, soils and land morphology, land use planning and volumetric calculations about earthwork plans. DTM data from LIDAR is widely used in Mining, Oil and Gas, Construction and Infrastructure, Geothermal Energy, and Agriculture.
CONTOUR MAP
A Contour Map is a vector-based extraction of regularly spaced contour lines at different elevations, clearly showing natural features such as ridges and break lines. A Contour Map supports a DTM by clearly showing linear features and real shape of the bare-earth terrain.
DTM and Contour Maps are widely used for deeper simulations, for example to simulate the flow of water and rainfall across the survey area for irrigation and fertilization plans; or to desifn the location of a toll road based on the anticipated movement of soil and land morphology in that ara.
Major users of LIDAR data for DSM, DTM and Contour Maps include O&G, Mining, Agriculture, Construction, Power Transmission, Government Land & Municipal Governments, and many more.
Multispectral
Multispectral drone survey data enables deep analysis of vegetation health and environmental monitoring, including identification of pests, disease, weeds, irrigation, soil change and chemical changes. Multispectral imagery analysis is also essential for Research & Development, for example to evaluate performance of new species and phenotypes, evaluate the success of biodiversity and reforestation programs, or evaluate performance of fertilizers and crop health protection chemicals.
Hyperspectral
Whereas a multispectral camera will normally have 5-bands of light spectrum, Hyperspectral sensors are wide spectrum cameras covering thousands of specific light bandwidths, with a wide range of wavelengths which can be used to identify light reflectance & absorption for extremely specific survey objectives. For example, Hyperspectral sensors are used in mining exploration, to identify soil which may containa nickel, gold, or lithium, based on particular bandwidths of light which are reflected by certain soil. In Agriculture, hyperspectral sensors have been used to identify the spectral signature of fruiting pineapples which have reached the perfect time to harvest, or to confirm when palm oil kernels have reached their maximal oil kernel content. There are also many environmental applications for hyperspectral sensors also, for example to support oil spill cleanup and identify affected areas for rehabilitation.
